Botanical exploration of new areas in Andean South America by various collectors continues to generate numerous specimens of Burmeistera, Centropogon, and Siphocampylus (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Study of these materials has revealed fifteen species new to science. These novelties, for the most part, do not differ from known congeners by simple quantitative differences. Rather, they possess characters or combinations of characters that are unique or highly unusual in their respective taxa. For example, expeditions into the Cerro Golondrinas of northern Ecuador have yielded three new species of Burmeistera. One is the first member of the genus to bear branched (arbusculiform) trichomes; another has flowers two to three times longer than the next largest congener and appears to be the first species of the genus adapted to pollination by hawkmoths (Sphingidae). A new species of Centropogon from Napo, Ecuador, is the first species of sect. Wimmeriopsis with arbusculiform hairs; it is also one of the few species in that group with connate calyx lobes. Another member of the genus from the Cordillera Central of Colombia is the first to combine white arbusculiform hairs and pinnately lobed leaves. Two new species of Siphocampylus feature umbellate inflorescences. The one from central Bolivia is the first to combine this unusual feature with verticillate leaves, while the one from Mérida, Venezuela, is the first to combine it with arbusculiform trichomes. A Siphocampylus from pajonal habitats in San Martín, Peru, features a unique dimorphic habit: twining horizontal primary stems with erect whip-like branches. The continued discovery of numerous species that force us to enlarge the description of the taxa to which they belong suggests that much of the biotic diversity of the Neotropics remains to be discovered.

Key words: Burmeistera, Campanulaceae, Centropogon, Lobelioideae, new species, Siphocampylus